Parkinson’s Disease Biomarkers

The Ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) dysfunction is a key factor in the development of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Pathogenic PD proteins such as alpha-synuclein have been shown to be ubiquitylated by E3 ligases and degraded by the proteasome, and dysfunction of specific UPS proteins has been implicated in familial PD. UPS dysfunction is particularly damaging to neuronal cells because these cells are particularly reliant on protein quality control for their survival. The details of these alterations may include changes in the ubiquitin chain linkages that redirect the fate of the ubiquitylated proteins.Myto Health has established a technology platform to selective enrichment of polyubiquitylated proteins from human blood. We have validated the platform by establishing ubiquitinated proteins as a panel of biomarker. Blinded studies of PD patient and normal serum samples are under way to confirm signatures of poly-ubiquitinated proteins. The simple test for the ubiquitylated biomarkers will enable rapid, cost-effective will not only establish economical, blood-based PD diagnostics, but also aid in evaluating the next generation of PD drugs.